快速路可变限速与匝道控制协同优化策略

可变限速控制和匝道控制是快速路交通控制的主要手段,本文对两者的协同优化策略进行了研究.借助智能车路协同系统强大的信息感知能力,通过引入微观交通流信息,对经典METANET模型进行了改造,构建了可变限速控制影响下的微观METANET模型,实现了一种新的可变限速控制策略,同时,采用ALINEA算法,对入口匝道进行了优化控制,实现了两者的协同优化.最后,基于实际道路和交通流数据搭建了仿真平台,对微观METANET模型和协同优化策略的有效性进行了验证.仿真结果表明,微观METANET模型具有良好的交通流预测效果,协同优化策略能有效地改善快速路交通流状态.     

基于罗兰C的UUV浅海导航定位技术研究

罗兰C工作于长波波段,具有一定的海水穿透能力,为UUV的水下导航定位提供了途径。在设计并实现罗兰C全向磁天线的基础上,通过对罗兰C信号传播场分量的分析,认为水下采用磁天线接收水平磁场信号是UUV的最佳选择,在此基础上,结合场强预测的布雷默曲线和水中信号衰减规律,仿真计算了罗兰C信号在不同距离、深度上的磁场场强和水下磁天线所能感应的电压值。利用所设计的磁天线,开展了水下接收罗兰C磁信号的实验,结果表明在表层水域(深度小于5米时),UUV利用罗兰C进行定位导航是可行的。     

Towards data-driven car-following models

Car following models have been studied with many diverse approaches for decades. Nowadays, technological advances have significantly improved our traffic data collection capabilities. Conventional car following models rely on mathematical formulas and are derived from traffic flow theory; a property that often makes them more restrictive. On the other hand, data-driven approaches are more flexible and allow the incorporation of additional information to the model; however, they may not provide as much insight into traffic flow theory as the traditional models. In this research, an innovative methodological framework based on a data-driven approach is proposed for the estimation of car-following models, suitable for incorporation into microscopic traffic simulation models. An existing technique, i.e. locally weighted regression (loess), is defined through an optimization problem and is employed in a novel way. The proposed methodology is demonstrated using data collected from a sequence of instrumented vehicles in Naples, Italy. Gipps’ model, one of the most extensively used car-following models, is calibrated against the same data and used as a reference benchmark. Optimization issues are raised in both cases. The obtained results suggest that data-driven car-following models could be a promising research direction.     

上海邮轮通航影响与保障措施研究

为保障上海深水航道内邮轮通航安全,根据上海邮轮发展现状、长江口深水航道资源状况以及超宽交会相关规定,对上海邮轮通航影响进行了分析。分析表明,在长江口深水航道资源紧张、船舶超宽交会要求限制严格、大型船舶船期要求严格的情况下,大型邮轮通航对超宽船舶的通航组织、运营效率具有较大影响。通过文献研究、经验总结等方法,从航道资源建设、航道安全管理要求和船舶的运营效率三个方面着手,提出上海邮轮通航的对策,指出当下亟需制订邮轮与其他大型船舶超宽交会的标准,落实邮轮锚地建设以及配套,确定邮轮与其他船舶进出港的优先级标准,并完善邮轮监管体系,为上海邮轮航道通航安全提供支持和保障。     

基于车载主机的新型调试工具设计

为了实现方便调试基于MST785芯片的车载主机,提出了一种基于MST785芯片和WINCE6.0系统的新型实用调试工具。该工具基于MST785芯片和WINCE6.0嵌入式系统,能够实现自动插卡运行调试工具,规律性操作调试开关和操作模式,并自动记录打印log。实际应用表明,该工具特别适用于分析导航电子产品显示异常和触摸异常的问题,并具有操作简便、节约成本、提高导航产品研发和售后的效率,达到了设计要求。     

冰区航行船舶推进系统设计的若干考虑

冰区航行船舶由于其特殊的工作环境与气候条件,其设计要求与传统的推进系统有着很大的不同。针对冰区航行条件下船舶推进系统所需要面临的问题,及这些问题所导致的冰区推进系统的特殊性进行了整理和分析,指出了推进系统设计过程中为应对冰区航行条件下的海冰、低温以及空泡噪声等问题所应采取的改进措施,为冰区航行船舶推进系统的设计提供了参考。     

冰区航行船舶电力推进轴系机电耦合的扭振分析

通过螺旋桨桨叶与冰块的相互作用过程,建立单冰块对螺旋桨扭转振动的激励函数;同时建立机电耦合振动数学模型,推导得到机电耦联动力学方程,研究电机电磁激励力对扭转振动的影响。以3500吨科考船电力推进轴系为研究对象,基于冰载荷激励力和电磁激励力对轴系扭转振动进行分析,为复杂的船舶电力推进轴系在冰区航行时的振动研究奠定了基础。     

智能公交乘客信息服务数据库设计

本文从车载、站台以及控制中心三方面分析了智能公交乘客信息服务系统,重点介绍了站台触摸屏公交查询系统中数据库的设计.查询系统数据库以ACCESS进行描述,创建了公交信息的存储结构,以ADO.NET与数据库进行连接访问,实现了对公交站点线路的查询.以VB.NET编程实现了起始站点名称选择和点击地图两种方式的公交站点查询、线路查询以及具有最少换乘次数的出行路径查询.     

舰船电子海图显示与信息系统发展评述

电子海图显示与信息系统(ECDIS)已成为现代舰船导航系统的重要配套设备,其设计日趋合理,各种不同类型的产品由国内、外产业界相继推出,同时涌现出一大批适合电子海图显示与信息系统需求的理论、技术、算法,电子海图显示与信息系统正朝着多功能、多模式、高精度、高可靠性的方向发展.文章着重综述了电子海图显示与信息系统的现状,阐述了舰船电子海图显示与信息系统的最新总线结构、扩展功能,指出了在21世纪初舰船电子海图显示与信息系统的发展趋势.     

Impact of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems on residential location choice

The impacts of telecommuting and intelligent transportation systems (ITS) on urban development patterns were investigated in terms of households' residential location choice decisions. A discrete choice modelling approach framework was used. A stated preference (SP) logit analysis was carried out to estimate the parameters of the utility function. An attitude survey of employees of selected public and private sector organizations in the Ottawa-Carleton Region (Canada) yielded the required data for model estimation. In addition to obtaining background information, the survey elicited SP responses by presenting a number of hypothetical residential choice scenarios defined according to the principles of SP experimental design. Results show that telecommuting and ITS measures are highly significant factors in the residential choice model. This leads to the conclusion that these reinforce dispersed residential patterns and encourage moves towards outlying sites. Implications of this conclusion for urban land development planning are noted.